Disability Overtime Rules

Employees on light duty or with physical restrictions must be permitted to work overtime on the same basis as other employees. In a recent settlement between United Airlines and the EEOC, the agency questioned an employer limiting overtime for employees who are on medical restrictions or limited to light duty.

Many employers would think that when a worker is under physical limitations, or has a disability, it would be obvious that the employee should not work overtime. However, the EEOC disagrees.

Under the ADA, or Americans with Disabilities Act, employees on light duty are entitled to work overtime if they are physically able to do so, the EEOC ruled.

In the case against United Airlines, employees on light duty were not permitted to work overtime, even when there was plenty of overtime work and it was being offered to employees who were not on light duty. The court ruled that this was a form of discrimination based on the employee’s physical disability under ADA.

United Airlines, based in Chicago, is one of the largest U.S. air carriers with nearly 3,000 flights per day to more than 200 domestic and international destinations from hubs in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Denver, Chicago and Washington, D.C.

The United Airlines case involved Samuel Chetcuti, a “storekeeper” working for the airline in San Francisco. The EEOC argued that the airline’s policy of not offering overtime to workers who were on light duty had a disparate effect on the income of disabled workers, because they were more likely to be on light duty.

For example, Chetcuti had epilepsy, which prevented him from operating heavy machinery and working at heights. However, it did not restrict the number of hours that he could work. But because Chetcuti was on light duty for his regular work schedule, he was barred from working lucrative overtime offered to others in the same job. The EEOC ruled that this was illegal employment discrimination based on disability.  

EEOC San Francisco Regional Attorney William R. Tamayo said, “This blanket policy barring employees working with restrictions from overtime work had a disproportionate impact on workers with disabilities. It runs counter to the ADA’s goal that each employee be evaluated individually on whether they can get the job done, with or without an accommodation. We appreciate that United Airlines has agreed to settle this case and rescind this policy.”

United agreed to pay $850,000 in lost wages to Chetcuti and other employees at the San Francisco Airport who were deprived of overtime.

Chetcuti said, “This is good for all United workers. If your doctor has cleared you to work overtime, then you should be able to work those hours whether or not you’re on light duty.  I appreciate the EEOC’s efforts in making this happen.”

EEOC San Francisco District Director Michael Baldonado added, “Disability does not mean inability. The ADA encourages us all to focus on opening doors to all a worker can do and discourages the closing of doors through restrictive stereotypes about disabilities, such as what you may think that person cannot do.”